The Co-Movement of U.S. Equity Returns with the Developed and Emerging Markets of Australasia and Asia

Authors

  • Earl D Benson Western Washington University
  • Sophie X. Kong Western Washington University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18533/ijbsr.v5i1.503

Keywords:

Asian equity markets, correlation of returns, international diversification.

Abstract

This paper examines the behavior of the monthly and daily correlation coefficients and co-variances of a broad set of Pacific Basin equity markets compared to the S&P 500 index, showing that the correlations and co-variances vary greatly over time and across markets. Many discussions of international diversification focus solely on the recent correlations of returns of international equities.  It seems clear from the evidence presented here that the near complete reliance on recent correlation coefficients to describe the diversification benefits of individual foreign markets is misdirected. Not only should correlations over several periods be examined but also other risk measures should be included in the examination. This research illustrates that the Pacific Basin markets which exhibit the lowest correlations with the U.S. market may not be the lowest risk markets when additional factors such as covariance, skewness, and kurtosis are taken into consideration.

Author Biographies

  • Earl D Benson, Western Washington University
    Professor of Finance
  • Sophie X. Kong, Western Washington University
    Associate Professor of Finance

References

Asness, Clifford S., RoniIsraelov and John M. Liew (2011). International diversification(Eventually), Financial Analysts Journal, 67(3), 32-45.

Becker, Kent G., Joseph E. Finnerty, and Alan L. Tucker (1992). The intraday interdependence structure between U.S. and Japanese equity markets. The Journal of Financial Research,15 (1), 27-37.

Bennett, Paul and Jeanette Kelleher (1988). The international transmission of stock price disruption in October 1987. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Quarterly Review, 13(2), 17-33.

Bookstaber, Richard (2007). The Myth of Non Correlation. Institutional Investor, 32(7) 80-82.

De Santis, Giorgio, and Bruno Gerard (1997). International Asset Pricing and Portfolio Diversification. Journal of Finance, 52 (5), 1881-1912.

Elton, Edwin J., Martin J. Gruber, and Manfred W. Padberg (1978). Optimal portfolios from simple ranking devices. Journal of Portfolio Management, 4 (3), 15-19.

Erb, Claude B., Campbell R. Harvey, and Tadas E. Viskanta (1994). Forecasting international equity correlations. Financial Analysts Journal, 50(6), 32-45.

Eun, Cheol S., Wei Huang, and Sandy Lai (2008). International diversification with large and small cap Stocks. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 43 (2), 489-523.

Fender, William E. (2002). Why international equities belong in a diversified investment portfolio. Journal of Investing. 11 (4), 63-66.

Fernandes, Jose L. B., and Jose R. H. Ornelas (2010). The benefits of international portfolio diversification. Journal of International Finance and Economics, 10(4) 72-79.

Grubel, Herbert G. (1968). Internationally diversified portfolios: Welfare gains and capital flows. The American Economic Review, 58(5), 1299-1314.

Gupta, R., & Mollik, A. T. (2008). Volatility, time varying correlation and international portfolio diversification: An empirical study of Australia and emerging markets. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 18.

Horn, Bernard R. (2010). International diversification: why it still makes sense. American Association of Individual Investors Journal, 32 (10), 7-10.

Kaplanis, Evi C. (1988). Stability and Forecasting of the co movement measures of international stock market returns. Journal of International Money and Finance, 7 (1), 63-75.

King, Mervyn A. and Sushil Wadhwani (1990). Transmission of volatility between stock markets. The Review of Financial Studies, 3 (1), 5-33.

Levy, Haim and Marshall Sarnat (1970). International diversification of investment portfolios. The American Economic Review, 60(4), 668-675.

Li, Ming-Yuan L. (2007). Volatility states and international diversification of international stock markets. Applied Economics, 39, 1867-1876.

Longin, Francois and Bruno Solnik (1995). Is the correlation in international equity returns constant:1960-1990? Journal of International Money and Finance, 14 (1), 3-26.

Shawky, Hany A.,Rolf Kuenzel, and Azmi D. Mikhail (1997). International portfolio diversification: A synthesis and an update. Journal of international financial markets, Institutions and Money, 7(4), 303327.

Solnik, Bruno, Cyril Boucrelle, and Yann Le Fur (1996). International market correlation and volatility. Financial Analysts Journal, 52(5), 17-34.

Speidell, Lawrence (2004). Why Non-U.S. Investing is essential, not optimal. Journal of Investing, 13 (4), 7-11.

Von Furstenberg, George M. and Bang Nam Jeon (1989). International stock price movements: Links and messages. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1, 125-179

You, Leyuan, and Robert T. Daigler (2010a). Is International diversification rally beneficial? Journal of Banking and finance, 34(1), 163-173.

You, Leyuan and Robert T. Daigler (2010b). The strength and source of asymmetric international diversification. Journal of Economics and Finance, 34(3), 349-364.

Downloads

Published

2015-01-27

Issue

Section

Article

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >>