International Journal of Business and Social Research
The International Journal of Business and Social Research (IJBSR) is a double-blind, peer-reviewed scholarly journal dedicated to exchanging the academic researchers and professional findings on all aspects of business, economics, and social science. This is an open access journal publishes monthly on the premise that there is a growing need to more efficiently manage and disseminate scholastic ideas and research results in the academic and professional community without undue delay commonly encountered in the journal editing process. The journal is operated by an internationally oriented editorial board. IJBSR is multidisciplinary journal which publishes blind peer reviewed high quality manuscript of interdisciplinary in content and methodology. The scope of the journal is all fields of Business, Economics and Social Science including ...View full scope
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Effectiveness of Sales Promotion: Can Brand Loyalty be achieved?
Purpose – This research aims to examine whether sales promotion are effective in building brand loyalty. Design/methodology/approach – Multi-stage sampling technique was used. Retail outlets were selected by judgement and the respondents were chosen by systematic random sampling. A survey of 230 respondents has been conducted. Findings –The study reveals that all the four constructs- promotion driven customer base, cynical view, restrictive requirements, and brand image, have a significant influence on the consumers’ perception towards sales promotion. Furthermore, all the constructs like perception, preference for sales promotion, consumers’ usage behavior and satisfaction were found to influence brand loyalty. Managerial Implications – Managers should only go for sales promotion if it is strategically planned, not based on hype. Originality/value – Consumers respond negatively to offers of sales promotions because of issues like promotion driven customer base, cynical view, restrictive requirements, and brand image. Brands should carefully plan their whole operation before jumping into such projects.
Sales promotion, Promotion driven customer base, Cynical view, Restrictive requirements, Brand image, Perception, Satisfaction and Loyalty
Copyright (c) 2023 Md. Farhan Faruqui http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Does Corporate Governance Score Affect Stock Price? Evidence from a Developing Country
Corporate governance has received significant attention in recent years, mainly due to the numerous corporate collapses and accounting fraud at the executive level of management. The benefits of an effective corporate governance structure are well documented, ranging from reduce cost of capital to improved transparency in ethics, morality and financial disclosure. Well- managed companies should therefore produce better financial results which ultimately should result in better returns for investors. This study investigates the effect of corporate governance on stock prices. The results showed that stock prices are affected by a company’s corporate governance structure which is in line with the literature that argues that better managed/governed companies are able to access finance at lower cost.
Copyright (c) 2023 Phillip Cordwell James http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
How do health, social connections, housing, life values and trust matter for economic well-being – A path analysis of Abu Dhabi households
Given the importance and prevalence of well-being research, this study aimed to investigate the relationships between economic well-being and various other well-being factors and associates, including housing satisfaction, subjective health, social connections, feelings of security, life values, and trust in public services, using a path analytic model. We used 40,796 household cases from the second Abu Dhabi Quality of Life Survey conducted in 2019-2020. The data were analyzed using LISREL version 8.8 and SPSS version 19.0. The final path analysis model provided excellent fit-measurement statistics, indicating significant direct associations of all variables with job satisfaction. The model also portrayed indirect associations of subjective health, social connection, and housing satisfaction with job satisfaction with the mediation of income satisfaction. Income satisfaction was significantly associated with subjective health, social connection, and housing satisfaction. Contrary to other factors, personal values negatively affect job satisfaction. Research findings and limitations were discussed in light of international and local literature.
Economic well-being, quality of life, path analysis, Abu Dhabi
Copyright (c) 2023 Hamad Aldhaheri, Masood Badri, Mugheer Alkhaili, Guang Yang, Saad Yaaqeib, Muna Albahar, Asma Alrashdi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
All you need is G(overnance): Sustainable Finance Following Ambrogio Lorenzetti’s Frescoes
This paper takes at firm level the inspiration of the Allegory of the Good and Bad Government, the 14th century series of frescoes by Ambrogio Lorenzetti. Namely, we investigate whether a good corporate governance stabilizes financial performance and whether such superior governance improves ‘ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) resilience’ against controversies related to sustainability issues. Using a large sample of European listed firms from 2006 to 2019, we find that a good governance is the key factor not only in getting ESG controversies managed, therefore increasing firm sustainability resilience, but also in reducing equity volatility, therefore stabilizing firm financial performance.
Copyright (c) 2023 Costanza Consolandi, Giovanni Ferri, Andrea Roncella http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Influence of Supplier Relationship Management on the Performance of Food and Beverage Manufacturing Firms in Kenya: A Survey of Kiambu County
Managing purchasing and supply relations have had an enormous effect on performance of all aspects of the SC. Poor relationship management has led to generally low performance in the supply chain, hampered by extremely high acquisition costs, long lead times, lower materials, poor reputation, low sales, lower market share and low profitability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of Supplier relationship management on the performance of Food and Beverage manufacturing firms in Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to find out the influence of Supplier Segmentation, Supplier Collaboration, Information Flow and Supplier Development on Organizational performance of Food and Beverage Organizations. The study adopted cross sectional survey design using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The target population for this study was Officers working in procurement, Warehousing and Logistics departments in 63 Food and beverage organizations in Kiambu County. The study used Census and Purposive sampling to pick 189 Officers from procurement, warehousing and logistics department. Data was collected by using questionnaires. The study established that supplier relationship management influenced by the elements of supplier segmentation, information flow, supplier collaboration and supplier development have a positive influence on performance of food and beverages manufacturing firms in Kiambu County. Results from correlation analysis showed that, supplier segmentation, information slow, supplier collaboration and supplier development were positively and significantly correlated with performance of food and beverages manufacturing firms. The study also concluded that supplier segmentation, information flow, supplier collaboration and supplier development are embraced by the management of various food and beverages manufacturers in Kiambu county. The study recommends that managers in food and beverage manufacturing firms develop strategies for their relations with suppliers, which will improve firm performance.
Copyright (c) 2022 Fiona Wanjiku Mwangi, Dr. Samuel Muli http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Investigating the moderation effect of participative and directive leadership styles in the relationship between managerial intelligence and project success
Researchers recently have paid more attention to project success (PS). Yet, various projects keep failing. The current study investigates the impact of leaders’ managerial intelligence (MI) capabilities on project success (PS). Additionally, the study investigates the moderation role of participative and directive leadership styles (PLS, SLS) in this relationship. The current study is targeting public corporations in Jordan. A questionnaire survey was used in collecting the data, whereas data were collected from 216 to-level managers. The results propose that MI contributes significantly to PS. Moreover, SLS was found to moderate the relationship between MI and PS.
Managerial Intelligence (MI), Project Success (PS), participative leadership style (PLS), and Directive Leadership Style (DLS).
Copyright (c) 2022 Malek Al-edenat http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Leadership Challenges Facing Small Private Universities in the United States
Financial and demographic factors and trends are coming together to create the perfect storm for institutions of higher education. This paper briefly discusses these two factors and then address program evaluation strategies and elimination decisions as a cost control mechanism.
Higher Education, Leadership, Performance
Copyright (c) 2022 Nidhi Aggarwal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DO YOU REALLY DESERVE THAT?! THE ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF CONSUMER ENVY
Envy is a universal emotion. This research investigated the impact that status hierarchies within brand communities have on the occurrence of Envy. Across two experiments, I examined the antecedents and consequences of Malicious and Benign Envy as well as their effect on members of brand communities. Specific attention was paid to Self-Brand Connection (SBC) and Deservingness. Findings from Experiment 1 showed that Deservingness affects feelings of both Malicious and Benign Envy. Results indicated that participants showed Benign Envy to-ward a higher status target who is deemed worthy of good fortune. However, if the higher status member of the brand community is deemed unworthy of the good fortune, participants experi-enced Malicious Envy toward that person. In Experiment 2, Deservingness and SBC were ma-nipulated to investigate their effects on the emotional presence of Malicious and Benign Envy. For Malicious Envy, the impact of the source of the material item was greater for High SBC than for Low SBC Participants. Practical implications and future directions are discussed.
Copyright (c) 2022 Justin Goss, PhD http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimal patent design with uncertainty and loss-averse innovators
Although representing a major engine of economic growth, incremental innovations might not be stimulated enough when patent breadth and patent length are not designed properly. In this paper we model the choice between breakthrough and incremental innovations in the context of a neo- Schumpeterian growth model that accounts for the introduction of new goods and related sunk costs and that assumes uncertainty-averse and loss-averse innovators. Our findings show that innovators' choice in terms of novelty is shaped by patent breadth and length, that affect both the private and the social values of innovation. Accounting for innovators' uncertainty and loss aversion challenges the standard results on optimal patent design.
Copyright (c) 2022 Daniela Grieco http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Working in Solidarity Promotes Work Engagement through Work-Related Self-Efficacy
Interpersonal solidarity among members is an important element for the success and smooth operation of any work organisation. However, there is a dearth of research connecting interpersonal solidarity to work-related self-efficacy, and engagement at work. The present study investigated occupational self-efficacy as an intervening mechanism through which interpersonal solidarity could influence work engagement of 179 administrative staff of public universities in Southern Ghana in a cross-sectional survey. The data were analysed with the Hayes Process model for SPSS. The results indicated that interpersonal solidarity predicted both occupational self-efficacy and work engagement. The relationship between interpersonal solidarity and occupational self-efficacy was stronger than that between interpersonal solidarity and work engagement. Finally, occupational self-efficacy significantly mediated the relationship between interpersonal solidarity and work engagement. The paper concluded that interpersonal solidarity and occupational self-efficacy are important elements in individuals’ work engagement. Also, the paper demonstrates the relevance of occupational self-efficacy as a mechanism through which interpersonal solidarity could influence engagement at work. The findings were discussed in the light of the job-demand resource model and the social cognitive theory, and recommendations were proffered for practice and further research.
Copyright (c) 2022 Lebbaeus Asamani, Eugene Yaw Milledzi, Georgina Nyantekyiwaa Boampong, Miriam Danso-Mensah, Daniel Yeboah Mensah, Kweku Arhin, Victoria Naamwanuru http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Influence of supply chain management practices on the performance of oil supplying companies in Nairobi city
The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of supply chain management practices on performance of the oil supplying companies in Nairobi City County. The oil supplying industry in Kenya is currently facing challenges ranging from uncontrollable high fuels costs as a result of high cost of importation, transportation and storage of the oil products which has led to low level of customer satisfaction, hence low performance of the oil supplying industries. The study aimed on the oil supplying companies in Nairobi City County as every registered oil supplying companies have their offices at Nairobi. The main objective of the study was to examine the influence of supply chain management practices on performance of the oil supplying companies in Nairobi city county and the specific objectives were; to assess the influence of supply chain collaboration management practice on performance of oil supplying companies in Nairobi city county, to evaluate the influence of customers service management practice on performance of oil supplying companies in Nairobi city county, to examine the influence of demand forecasting management practice on the performance of oil supplying companies in Nairobi city county and to assess the influence of information communication technology management practice on performance of oil supplying companies in Nairobi city county. This study focused on the 84 registered oil companies in Nairobi Kenya as the unit of analysis and the target population. The sampling technique of the study used was stratified random sampling technique in which procurement officers and distribution officers were the unit of observation. This study based the variables on different related theories. The researcher used questionnaires to gather data from respective respondents which were self-administered by the researcher. The study recommended that supply chain partners need to form effective partnership in planning, developing and executing the supply chain management activities, keep on updating with new technology so as to attain a competitive edge by implementing ICT practices on demand forecasting to attain customer satisfaction.
Copyright (c) 2022 George Mwaniki, JULIUS MUSYOKA KITAKA, Dr Samuel MULI http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of lean supply chain management practices on performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya
Lean Supply Chain Management is key for enhancing organizational performance in manufacturing firms. Despite many efforts to address lean supply chain management practices in manufacturing firms, there exist limited literature on the influence of lean supply chain management practices on the performance of manufacturing firms. Manufacturing companies face performance challenges which include an inadequate volume of sales, low profitability, uncompetitive market share, poor customer satisfaction associated with lean supply chain management practices. To fill this gap, the study sought to study the influence of lean supply chain management practices on the performance of manufacturing firms. In specific, the study aimed to assess the influence of just-in-time procurement on performance, to determine the influence of the Kanban system on performance, to examine the influence of Sigma Six on performance, and to establish the influence of Total quality management on performance. The study used a descriptive research design. The target population was 400 employees from five departments which forms the internal supply chain of Unilever Kenya Limited. A stratified random sampling technique was employed in attaining a representative sample from the target population. The study used a 20% sample size from the target population which is represented by 80 respondents. Data collection was done using structured open and closed-ended questionnaires. To test the validity and reliability of the research instruments a pilot test was conducted which involved a pilot sample of 16 staff who were excluded from the actual research study. The data were analyzed by use of descriptive statistics and inferential analysis through statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21 software. Regression analysis results revealed that Just in Time Procurement had an insignificant negative influence on performance, Kanban system had a significant negative influence, Six Sigma lean supply chain practice had a significant positive influence on performance and Total quality management had an insignificant positive influence on performance. The study concluded that Just in Time Procurement, Kanban system and Total quality management have no notable influence on performance. However, Six Sigma is a good driver of organizational performance. The study recommends that manufacturing companies should deploy more resources towards the implementation of Just in Time Procurement policies. The study recommends that manufacturing companies should integrate the Kanban system with Just in time lean practices since the two practices have interdependence in operation. For Total quality management study recommends that manufacturing firms should adopt a continuous quality improvement strategy across all functions within the organization. Generally, resources (e.g. finances, system-process integration infrastructure, operational staff involvement, and top management support, etc.) are key from implementation to adoption and success of lean supply chain practices for contribution to the performance of manufacturing firms.
Copyright (c) 2022 handard kimari, Dr. Samuel Muli http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Conceptual Framework of Recruitment and Selection Process
Recruitment and selection is the indispensable functions of human resource management. It is the process of searching and obtaining of potential candidates. Organizations are progressing the modern recruitment and selection methods for entry the multinational companies. The success of the organization depends on effective recruitment and selection system. In this paper, the main objective is to construct a conceptual framework for recruitment and selection procedures regarding the case study on university grants commission. The study also focuses its attention to determine how the recruitment and selection practices affect the organizational outcomes.
Conceptual framework, Recruitment, Selection
Copyright (c) 2021 Md. Yeasir Arafat Bhuiyan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
China Stock Market Listed Firms’ Governance and Innovation Outcomes
This study examines the corporate governance and innovation relationship of China listed firms. It aims to contribute to the literature on corporate innovation antecedents, corporate governance of Chinese firms, and its impact on innovation outcomes. Relying on agency and resource-dependence theories to understand corporate governance elements, and patents granted as a measure of successful corporate innovation, this study utilizes a quantitative research methodology and a longitudinal design to leverage data collected from the State Intellectual Property Office of China, the Chinese Research Data Services Platform as well as the China Stock Market & Accounting Database. The study sample includes 3,337 firms with a total 13,182 firm-year observations from the year 2010 to 2019. A better understanding of Chinese corporate governance practices in light of the country’s Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) recent reforms is needed, especially considering the necessity to derive a corporate governance theory from China for Chinese firms that has emerged in the literature. We find that board independence is the corporate governance component with the highest predictive significance on innovation, followed by CEO duality, and that board size is not a significant innovation predictor. We also find high incidence of CEO duality among China listed firms.
Copyright (c) 2021 Mohamed Yacine Si Tayeb, Chen Gang Ye, M. Mustafa Ozguven http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Macroeconomic Implications of Covid-19 Pandemic in Morocco
The aim of this paper is to study the effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Morocco and subsequent responses on the economy using in a linear DSGE model. The analysis takes into account internal and external shocks and a high level of unemployment since the pandemic crisis affects a priori some contact-intensive sectors but do widen to other sectors via general equilibrium, inducing a job loss worrying situation and subsequently a great recession. I use DSGE model with an open economy, nominal rigidities in prices and five types of agents (households, producers, retailers, monetary authority and fiscal authority). I calibrated the model using Bayesian techniques and data covering the period 1998Q1 – 2019Q2. Results indicate a lasting effect shock for at least 12 quarters after the impact. Higher public debt is an obvious result of all the shocks except for the consumption tax shock. Results indicates also a significant decline in GDP following external shocks, monetary policy shock, labor tax shock, capital tax shock and technology shock. The consumption tax shock has unlike the others a very small negative impact on GDP followed by an increase in GDP. For the government expenditure and investment shock, GDP eventually decreases after increasing on impact. The inflation shock has a surprisingly a positive impact on GDP followed by a negative one four quarters after the shock.
fiscal policy, monetary policy, unemployment, pandemic.
Copyright (c) 2021 Salma SLIMANI http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCE PRACTICES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF FOOD AND BEVERAGES MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN KENYA
Food and Beverages Manufacturing Firms in Kenya have been exposed to supply chain vulnerability, which has led to uncertainty in matching demand and supply of their products. Supply chain resilience enables Food and Beverages Manufacturing Firms to manage disruptions. As a result, this study focused on examining the influence of supply chain resilience practices on the performance of Food and Beverages Manufacturing Firms in Kenya. The study adopted cross-sectional survey design using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The target population was 102 Food and Beverages Manufacturing Firms in Nairobi City County and the sample size of the study was 50 Firms. Data was collected using questionnaires. Qualitative and quantitative data was coded and entered in SPSS Version 24 for analysis. A pilot study was conducted. Descriptive statistics were generated. Inferential statistics using linear regression and correlation analysis was carried out. The results were presented using tables and graphs. The study findings indicated that, supply chain risk management, agility, supply chain collaboration and supply chain integration significantly influence the performance of Food and Beverages Manufacturing Firms in Kenya. Food and Beverages Manufacturing Firms should embrace supply chain risk management, agility, supply chain collaboration and supply chain integration as supply chain resilience practices.
Copyright (c) 2021 Michael Wanjala Muricho, Samuel Muli http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Role of Accounting Information in Shop Floor Management Control: evidence from a Retail Chain in the UK
Abstract: Purpose- This paper investigates an intensive case study about a small branch of a high street retail company in the United Kingdom. Theoretically, it is based on Burawoy's (1979) labour process theory 'Manufacturing Consent' and Actor-Network Theory (1992) by John Law. This study has addressed the urged for more research on accounting information in managerial control (Hall,2010). The effort has been given to explore the role of accounting information and gaming at shopfloor management.
The fragile and inefficient state-dominated banking sector that existed in Ethiopia during the military government (1974-1991) was a major hindrance to economic growth. Since it took power in 1991, the current government has implemented a number of reforms. For instance, in 1994, the government legalized domestic private investment in the banking industry. In addition, it restructured the two development banks as commercial banks, and introduced a new Banking and Monetary Proclamation that gave more autonomy and further clarified the National Bank of Ethiopia’s activities as the regulator and supervisor of the banking sector. Although these measures have led to marginal improvements in efficiency and competition, there is a great need for additional market oriented reforms to further enhance the sector’s role in mobilizing savings and allocating funds to their optimum usage. The purpose of this paper was to analyze additional market-based policy initiatives undertaken by the government to determine if they would further enhance the efficiency of the banking sector in Ethiopia. Based on the results of the data analysis it may be concluded that the Ethiopian government needs to further strategize and take the following steps: a) reverse the decision prohibiting foreign banks from investing in the country, b) fully privatize the state-owned commercial banks, c) allow market forces to determine interest rates and the exchange rate of the Ethiopian currency, Birr (ETB), and d) upgrade the regulatory and supervisory capacity of the National Bank of Ethiopia to facilitate efficiency in the banking market.
Consumer Choice of Counterfeits or Generic Products: The Case of Egypt
The counterfeiting market is increasing at an alarming rate because consumers are often unwilling to pay for brand names. This study investigates the factors that influence consumers’ preferences toward counterfeit and generic products by studying Egyptian consumers. By surveying a sample of 271 consumers, our study concluded that demographic variables, perceived risk, and prior experience are insignificant factors in choosing counterfeits or generics, while price, taste and preferences, quality, the price of related products, subjective norms, and expected prices are variables that significantly affect consumer preferences and demand. The research concludes that consumers who care about the quality, expected prices, and the price of related products are more likely to purchase generics, whereas consumers whose tastes and preferences are primarily influenced by others’ expectations, prestige, and acceptance are more likely to purchase counterfeits. These conclusions match the expected relationships between those who are influenced by external variables such as prestige and those who are not and their tendencies to prefer counterfeits or generics. Finally, price affects consumer demand negatively, and the price of related products and expected prices affect consumers’ preferences positively toward generics and negatively toward counterfeits.
Copyright (c) 2020 Kanzy Seireg, Mostafa E. AboElsoud
Conformity or Counter-Conformity Behavior? The Effect of Prior Charitable Giving in Donation-Based Crowdfunding
Charitable crowdfunding is a new and rapidly developing way of fundraising, attracting interest from academics and practitioners. Existing research on reward-based crowdfunding and charitable giving cannot fully explain donation behaviors in donation-based crowdfunding. Developing methods for promoting donations is of interest to practitioners, and it remains unclear whether prior donation information promotes or inhibits subsequent contributions. To explore this question, we used data from the Tencent Philanthropy platform to analyze the impact of previous donation information. The results revealed a negative relationship between the cumulative donation amount and subsequent contributions. The cumulative donation amount had no significant impact on the number of donors, but reduced the amounts of individual contributions. Although a larger cumulative number of previous donors resulted in larger individual donation amounts, this number was associated with a smaller number of subsequent donors, resulting in a zero net effect of donor number on subsequent donations. Our results indicate that conformity and anti-conformity donation behaviors exist simultaneously in donation-based crowdfunding, elucidating the mechanisms underlying the effects of prior donation information on reducing subsequent contributions. Our findings deepen the theoretical understanding of individual donation behavior, providing helpful insight for practitioners designing presentation strategies for charitable crowdfunding projects.
Donation-Based Crowdfunding?Charitable Giving ?Donation Behavior ?Conformity ?Previous Contribution Information
Copyright (c) 2020 Yiran Wu, Xuemei Xie, Kaiqiang Zheng
THE ROLE OF FAMILY OWNERSHIP TOWARD CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES: GOVERNANCE AS A MODERATING VARIABLE in INDONESIA
This study examines the financial implications of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in family firms in Indonesia and the role of corporate governance (CG) in improving the CSR performance of family-controlled firms. Family firms, on the one hand, are known as firms that only care about families, are run privately and ignore wider CSR. On the other hand, it is precisely because it really maintains the "name" so that the family firms will strive to do CSR well to its stakeholders. Corporate governance is measured by using the Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA). The research sample consists of 102 firm years. The data analysis method uses moderated regression analysis (MRA). The results of this study show that family ownership in manufacturing companies in Indonesia increases CSR disclosure, regardless of whether the stakeholders come from internal or external parties. The results also show that corporate governance, both effectively and efficiently, has no effect on CSR disclosure in general in family firms. However, effective corporate governance can strengthen the relationship between family ownership and CSR disclosure if it is based on internal and external stakeholders. Meanwhile, efficient corporate governance is proven to be unable to enhance the influence of family ownership on CSR disclosure, both in general and in separated way between internal and external stakeholders.
Copyright (c) 2021 Bambang Hariadi Dr http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Morocco’s external performance: An empirical assessment of export competitiveness determinants
The objective of this article is to study the external competitiveness of Morocco. To do so, we first make a sectoral analysis of Moroccan international trade. This analysis reveals the sectors and products in which Morocco should specialize, as well as the products in which Morocco has a strong export potential. Then, we study the impact of the introduction of price and cost competitiveness indicators in the export's equations of Armington (1969). Using a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) estimated over the period 1988-2017. The principal results confirm that Moroccan external competitiveness can’t be measured only by the price factor. We also show that the competitiveness is also reflected with other factors like cost of production and quality.
Copyright (c) 2020 sara labrar, adil el marhoum
Callous-unemotional traits with mental disorders in adolescents by two-way Log-ratio analysis
Psychopathy is complex phenomenon associate to personality disorder that manifests at a relatively early age and tends to be relatively stable throughout life. Psychopathy in adolescents is currently being studied using the approach of callous-unemotional (CU) traits. Recent studies have shown that adolescents with these traits have different causal factors leading to their behavior problems and mental disorders. Here I propose to use the log-ratio analysis, for two-way contingency table, for assessing the correlation between CU traits and mental disorders in adolescents. The data are provided by H.E.R.A.C.L.E. Lab (Unicusano research center on health education) and obtained submitting to a sample of 689 high school students two questionnaires: The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) and The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)). In two-way tables obtained, an odds ratio reflects the likelihood that a ICU trait (callousness, uncaring and unemotional) will have with SDQ values (normal, borderline and abnormal). Log-ratio analysis presents many advantages, among which the computation and the visual representation in a biplot map of the odds ratio that allows the correlation in terms of distances between points.
Corporate Hedging and Productivity Shocks: Implications on Investment and Debt
This work compares two models of corporate hedging, to show how optimal investment, debt, and hedging strategy can be strongly dependent on the mechanism linking the firm’s internal funds to its return on investment. Approximated analytical solutions for hedging and a numerical example simulating the effects of a productivity shock are obtained to shed light on the different empirical implications associated to the two mechanisms. The latter appear to be distinguishable by observing the extent of hedging for equal values of the relevant parameters, and the correlation between investment and debt in a period of technological change.
Kuwaiti Families and Firm Performance in Non-Financial Listed Firms
Family variables positively affect firm performance from a theoretical and empirical perspective. However, this relationship has not been clearly examined in several countries, including Kuwait. This study explored family members’ role on boards of directors by investigating the relationship between family variables and firm performance using data from 93 non-financial firms listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange (KSE) from 2016 to 2018. This study divided family variables into family ownership, family directors, family CEO, and ruling family. The results indicated that the presence of ruling family members on boards provided greater value for Kuwait’s listed firms; other variables produced mixed results.
Analysis of Business Revenue Residual Sharing System in Cooperatives in Indonesia on Islamic Law Review: A case study at KSU Mitra Bersama in Palu City
This study aims to explain profit sharing system in Mitra Bersama Cooperative in the Overview of Islamic Law. To achieve this objective, this research uses descriptive qualitative method by employing three data collecting techniques i.e. observation, interview, as well as documentation. The data of this research are obtained from the Chairman, the Secretary and the Employees of the Multipurpose Cooperative (KSU) Mitra Bersama. The results showed that the distribution of Business revenue Residual (SHU), at Mitra Bersama Cooperative, amounted to 5% which was distributed to all members of the cooperative in December. This sharing system displays no injustice and extortion disadvantageous to the cooperative’s members. It performs an open management system and shares the profits and losses to its members according to the prevailing regulations already known by all shareholders. We concluded that the system of the Business Revenue Residual (SHU) sharing at this Multipurpose Cooperative is permissible in Islam. Therefore, the results of this study can be used as a good model for Business Revenue Residual (SHU) sharing system which conforms to Islamic Law.
business revenue residual sharing system
Copyright (c) 2018 Abidin Djafar, Lebba Kadorre Pongsibanne
The Impact of Information and Communication Technologies on Economic Growth in Mexico
The World Bank has stated that mobile communications are important for economic growth. The objective of this research is to perform an analysis the impact of the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), in terms of mobile phones, computers, the internet, fiber optics and the price of the internet, as well as gross capital formation fixed and the economically active population, to see their relationship in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or economic growth in Mexico and generate recommendations based on ICT. The three-stage least squares method was used to examine a 1990 – 2014 data set. A Cobb-Douglas function was considered with the Solow model. The results show that a positive impact was found for mobile phones, computers, the Internet and fibre optics that favours GDP levels, but the Internet price variable was found to have a negative impact. The principal contribution is that in Mexico the population should be Motivated mobile telephony investment, however the government should provide training on its use, because in some countries like Uganda, China, 22 countries of the Middle East and North Africa and others have presented economic growth with the use of mobile phones.
Copyright (c) 2019 Martha Jiménez García
Influence of Shelf Space Arrangement on Buying Behavior
Background and purpose: In the retail industry shelf space competition are common phenomena from many decades. Shelves are organized very attractively with many offers and variety of option choices. The purpose of the study to analyze shelf space influence on consumer buying behavior in the retail store. Methods: 171 samples were taken by using multi-stage cluster sampling and systematic random sampling from Bangladesh. Three independent variables; shelf display, shelf position and product assortment were used to measure consumer buying behavior. Regression analysis, ANOVA, Tukey HSD, K-means clustering were used to analyze data. Findings: shelf display, shelf position and product assortment all are significantly influence on buying behavior. Respondents can be divided into three cluster group in terms of their buying behavior. Conclusion: Retailers need to create more attention on shelf arrangement because consumers are highly influenced by shelf decoration, layout, and style.
Exploring the Inter-play between the Decorative Consumption Dimensions: A deep dive into Conspicuousness and Snobbism through cases of Wristwatches and Houses
Laden by the hope of being superior to others, the modern-day man engages in lavish consumption patterns choosing ‘class over mass’ through procurement of expensive goods and services. This robust urge to mark one’s stature in the society provokes common populace to quest for ostentatious ownership of goods and services by engaging in consumption of high-priced articles rooted upon the exhibitionist nature, defined as Decorative Consumption. This paper explores the inter-dependence between two dimensions of such consumption, namely, Conspicuousness and Snobbism, borrowing data from a previous study conducted by the authors. Since existing literature fails to provide a lucid inference on the inter-effect between Conspicuousness and Snobbism, this paper aims at filling the research gaps, considering the cases of wristwatches and houses. The results of the study reveal that, consumption desires, which are Snobbish, are necessarily Conspicuous, with regard to the cases of wristwatches and houses. However, with regard to wristwatches, there could be consumption desires which are Conspicuous, yet, not Snobbish. In the contrary, when considering houses, the findings suggest that the Conspicuous demand is likely to be Snobbish. This is a possible indication of product-specific pattern; the causes for which warrant further research. Finally, the findings of this paper not only contribute towards enriching theoretical and philosophical underpinnings of the interdependence between decorative consumption dimensions but also suggest possible implications on public policymaking.
Copyright (c) 2019 Chathurga Karunanayake, Lalithasiri Gunaruwan
Influence of supply chain integration practices on the performance of manufacturing firms in kenya A case of kenya breweries limited
The implementation of Supply Chain Integration is low in the Kenyan economy especially the manufacturing, health and banking sectors. This study focused on determining the influence of supply chain integration practices on the performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. Mixed research design was used for the study thus both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. The Study population consisted of the professional employees working at the top, middle and lower level of the management i.e heads of sections, technologists, technicians and clerks of Kenya Breweries Limited in Nairobi. The target population included 528 employees and the sample size of the study was 85 respondents. Stratified sampling technique was used to determine the specific sample size of each strata of the study. Data was obtained through questionnaire. Data analysis was done through SPSS Version 24 and the analyzed data was presented in form of tables. The study found that technology integration, internal operations integration and customer integration significantly influence the performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. However, the results revealed that supplier integration had negative influence the performance of KBL. The management should consider freezing the financial, and other resources they use to invest into supplier integration and make an alternative use of them.
Copyright (c) 2020 JOSEPHINE MWENDIA NJAGI, SAMUEL MULI MULI